What is a Thermostat?

Answer:
A thermostat is a device used to control heating or cooling equipment
and systems in buildings of all sizes.

A thermostat contains either electronic or mechanical components which, in essence, monitor building temperatures; and when temperatures vary beyond prescribed setpoints, the thermostat sends a signal to the system equipment to provide either heating or cooling, whichever is needed.

Simple thermostats often have a bi-metallic coil that shrinks and grows as temperatures fluctuate.  Incorporated along with this "moving coil" is either a tilting mercury switch, or trip points, which trigger a signal to the equipment.

Modern, high-technology programmable thermostats are a little more complex, and probably a lot more effective; not only at controlling temperatures, but in energy optimization as well, through sensible programming of run-times and temperature setpoints.
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